OSTEOPENIA IN PREMATURE INFANTS BORN WITH VERY LOW AND EXTREMELY LOW BODY WEIGHT
Abstract
The objective is to identify risk factors for the development of bone metabolism disorders and to develop an algorithm for early diagnosis of the detected disorders in premature infants born both naturally and with the help of in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Material and methods. We studied 189 premature babies born after IVF and naturally conceived. We included children conceived by IVF in the main group. The comparison group included children conceived naturally. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups. In the main IVF group, the 1st subgroup included infants weighing 1000-1500 g (n= 52), these are children with very low body weight (VLBW), and the 2nd subgroup included children weighing less than 1000 g (n= 49), that is, with extremely low body weight (ELBW). The comparison group also included a subgroup with VLBW (n=46) and a subgroup with ELBW (n=42). The content of calcitonin, calcium, vitamin D, C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen and parathyroid hormone were evaluated in each child.
Results. Calcidiol [25(OH)D] content in the blood serves as a reliable criterion for the sufficiency of vitamin D in the child's body. It was found that most premature infants during the first year of life have vitamin D insufficiency. It turned out that premature IVF and naturally conceived babies have vitamin D deficiency - 4.8%, vitamin D insufficiency – 67.7%, and normal vitamin D level – 27.5% [4]. In children at an early age, there is a violation of bone metabolism (decrease in the levels of calcium, calcitonin, low level of vitamin D, especially in children with ELBW and ELBW (IVF), and a decrease in the C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen compared to the age norm). These changes were associated with the weight of children. Premature children with VLBW should be recommended to monitor the level of vitamin D in the blood and C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen.
Conclusion. Risk factors for osteopenia in premature infants conceived using IVF and naturally are low levels of calcium, vitamin D, calcitonin, C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen and high levels of parathyroid hormone.
About the Authors
D. R. Merzlyakova
ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ «Республиканская детская клиническая больница»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
N. R. Khafizova
ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Merzlyakova D.R., Khafizova N.R. OSTEOPENIA IN PREMATURE INFANTS BORN WITH VERY LOW AND EXTREMELY LOW BODY WEIGHT. Bashkortostan Medical Journal. 2023;18(5):16-19. (In Russ.)
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