Investigation of the damaging effect of generalized convulsive seizures in the acute and long-term periods of traumatic brain disease

   The aim of the study was to assess the damaging effect of generalized convulsive seizures on the brain in the acute and long-term periods of traumatic brain disease.

   Material and methods. The experiments were performed on white rats with high and low convulsive readiness after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Spontaneous and audiogenic seizures were evaluated. Memory was studied by the method of conditioned reflex of passive avoidance, a general assessment of the state of neurons, their numerical density in the fields of CA₁, CA₃ of the hippocampus on preparations stained with hematoxylin-eosin, according to Nissl.

   Results. In the acute and long-term periods of TBI, a decrease in memory volume, a decrease in the density of neurons in the fields of CA₁, CA₃ of the hippocampus with an increase in the number of dystrophic and necrobiotically altered neurons were revealed. In rats with trauma-induced epileptic status, cognitive deficits and damage to the neural network were more significant. With high convulsive readiness, memory loss correlated with a decrease in the total numerical density of neurons in the hippocampus.

   Conclusion. Experimental data indicate the destructive effect of TMI on memory, which are based on structural damage to the brain. Cognitive and morphological disorders were most pronounced in rats with trauma-induced epileptic status. The data obtained will allow us to create pathogenetically proved approaches to psychocorrection, more accurate and effective methods of treating post-traumatic epilepsy.

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