Modern Aspects of Diagnosis and Treatment of Fundus Changes in Arterial Hypertension (Literature Review)
Abstract
Malignant arterial hypertension (MAH) is a severe form of hypertension associated with significant target organ damage, including retinal involvement. Hypertensive retinopathy in MAH is characterized by optic disc edema, hemorrhages, exudates, and thrombotic microangiopathy. Modern diagnostic approaches enabling visualization of structural and vascular changes in the retina include ophthalmoscopy, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography. Fluorescein angiography is used to assess perfusion abnormalities and vascular permeability. Electrophysiological methods, including visual evoked potentials, help to evaluate the functional state of the visual system. Early diagnosis of retinal lesions in MAH is crucial for the timely initiation of antihypertensive therapy and prevention of progressive visual impairment.
About the Author
D. Z. Zhalalova
Самаркандский государственный медицинский университет
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Zhalalova D.Z. Modern Aspects of Diagnosis and Treatment of Fundus Changes in Arterial Hypertension (Literature Review). Bashkortostan Medical Journal. 2025;20(2):83-90. (In Russ.)
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