INDICATORS OF MUСOSAL IMMUNITY OF THE NASAL CAVITY IN PRETERM INFANTS

Abstract

Indicators of local immunity of a nasal mucous membrane at 47 infants born prematurely on the term of a gestation of 28-37 weeks have been studied. Determination of level of antibodies (IgA, IgG, IgE) and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IF-γ) in swabs from the mucous membrane was carried out by method of the immunofermental analysis taking into account the level of the protein. It is established that prematurely born children have transient deficiency of IgG at the age of 6 months (2,08 (0,78-6,99) mg/ml), low levels of IgE at the age of 12 months (0,89 (0,47-1,32) ng/ml), low levels of IF-γ at the age of 6 (7,51 (4,84-13,82) pg/ml) and 12 months (8,28 (4,70-12,07) pg/ml) and hyperproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β during the first year of life. The failure of the antibody and interferon protection is most expressed at very prematurely born children. Indicators of mucosal immunity of the nasal cavity can be used for pathogenetic approaches to prevention and treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of respiratory system at prematurely born children.