MONOSIALOGANGLIOSIDE GM1: STRUCTURE, ANTI-APOPTOTIC PROPERTIES AND NEUROPROTECTION

Since 1963, many papers have been published on the structure, function and participation of monosialoganglioside GM1 as a component of the cell membrane. Particular interest in this sphingolipid appeared after discovery of cholera toxin, when it was proved that the pathogenesis of cholera is induced after interaction with the membrane receptor GM1. The structure of gangliosideGM1 was established in 1963, and in the 1980s Lars Svennerholm proposed the classification of sphingolipids. In vitro experiments have shown that GM1 contributes to the recovery and survival of neurons in various brain lesions, by potentiating trophic factors such as NGF, bFGF, EGF, BNDF; and in the case of its exogenous administration it facilitates imitation of neurotrophic action and prevention of neuronal death. Despite the fact that using exogenous isolated GM1 on people is limited, in many clinical trials it has shown a good anti-apoptotic effect, as an independent substance, and in combination with other neuroprotectors.

GM1, моносиаловый ганглиозид, апоптоз, нейропротекция, антиапоптотическое действие, нейрогенез, GM1 ганглиозид, сфинголипид, патогенез холеры, GM1, monosialoganglioside, apoptosis, neuroprotection, antiapoptotic effect, neurogenesis, GM1 ganglioside, sphingolipid, cholera pathogenesis

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