ADAPTIVE HARMONY IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS OF THE HUMERUS IN HUMANS AND SOME ANIMALS

Abstract

In order to identify common patterns and morphological and functional features of the structure of the proximal epiphyses of the humerus of humans and animals with different types of locomotion, a comparative analysis of the relative values of the parameters of the anatomical structures of the proximal epiphysis of the humerus was made. It allowed to get a more complete picture of the functional adaptation of the bone to the function performed. Changes in the type of support and locomotion lead to a change in the stereometry of its proximal epiphysis. The main results of evolutionary changes in the structure of the humerus of man became transformation of the head into a hemisphere with a relative increase in the size of the head, while maintaining interspecific equality of width of the proximal epiphysis, increase in the angle of the cartilaginous edge of the head, differentiation from the surrounding anatomical structures of the cervix with simultaneous decrease in the values of neck-shaft angle, an increase in the degree of deformation of diaphysis torsion.