CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

Abstract

One of the most common gynecological diseases is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The extensive clinical picture and the diversity of the processes involved in this disease can lead to a significant deterioration in the quality of life of women.The review considers multifactorial clinical manifestations of PCOS. Various clinical manifestations of the syndrome are described, including, along with reproductive disorders, the development of carbohydrate tolerance associated with insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases in the long term as the consequences of this disease. For timely diagnosis, it is now necessary to adhere to the Rotterdam Diagnostic Criteria (2004), which include: detection of polycystic ovaries (ultrasound); violation of the menstrual cycle (anovulation or oligo-ovulation); biochemical or clinical signs of hyperandrogenism.Clinical manifestations of PCOS vary from menstrual disorders, hirsutism, alopecia, hyperinsulinemia, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders, obesity to insulin resistance, mental disorders, infertility and endometrial cancer. When women with PCOS become pregnant, the risk of developing obstetric complications (gestational diabetes, pregnancy hypertension, pre-eclampsia and related complications, the risk of morbidity in the newborn) is increased. Clinical manifestations in women with PCOS should be differentiated from diseases and conditions where symptoms may coincide: hypothalamic amenorrhea, premature ovarian insufficiency, androgen-producing tumors, syndrome or Сushing’s disease, acromegaly, taking into account the age of adolescence, reproductive, menopausal period.