PROSPECTS FOR APPLICATION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE STEM CELLS IN THE TREATMENT OF NEOPLASMS

Introduction: Adipose tissue stem cells (ASCs) are being actively used in regenerative medicine, as well as in autologous adipose tissue transplant operations. However, at the present stage, ASCs are of great interest, since there has been revealed mutual interaction between the progression of the tumor, its stromal microenvironment and highly differentiated mesenchymal stem cells are found.The aim of the work is to study literature data on the effect of the tumor microenvironment on ASCs, new cancer therapy methods based on the use of ASCs and to determine the safety of stem cells.Material and methods: We analyzed scientific literature by studying 60 articles over the past 5 years on the investigation of stem mesenchymal cells using the following foreign sources: MEDLINE, Ovid Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus.Results and discussion: At the moment, the possibility to stimulate tumor progression by stem cells of adipose tissue has not been proven by clinical studies. Nevertheless, some preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that ASCs can act as a potential tumoractivator and can support tumor growth and can invade surrounding tissues due to activation of some intracellular signals. The moststudied mechanisms for realizing the pro-oncogenic potential of ASCs are the interaction of ASCs with the microenvironment of the tumor and remodeling of the extracellular matrix, exosomal release of pro-oncogenic factors, and the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transformations. However, it is worth noting that ASCs also demonstrated the ability to quickly find cancer cells in the body, which makes them a suitable «carrier» for the delivery of antitumor drugs. With the help of nanotechnology, new methods of antitumor therapy appear, which consist in the release of intracellular nanoparticles from ASCs, which can more effectively destroy tumor cells by accumulating high local concentrations of pharmacological drugs, minimizing systemic side effects of drugs.Conclusion: Further study of the interactions between ASCs and a tumor microenvironment is required. The study of possible therapeutic approaches in antitumor treatment based on the use of ASCs is also of great importance.

стволовые клетки жировой ткани (СКЖТ), опухолевое микроокружение, рак, лекарственная терапия на основе СКЖТ, метастазирование, adipose tissue stem cells (ASCs), tumor microenvironment, cancer, drug therapy based on ASCs, metastasis