DEVELOPMENT OF VASCULAR ACCESS SURGERY FOR PATIENTS WITH TERMINAL RENAL FAILURE ON THE BASIS OF A CITY MULTI-SPECIALITY HOSPITAL

Abstract

Permanent vascular access is the key to hemodialysis. Therefore, its adequate and long-term functioning remains important. On the basis of the Department of Vascular Surgery of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of Bashkortostan Republic State Clinical Hospital No. 21 of Ufa, experience in the formation of native arteriovenous fistulas and methods of correcting complications arising has been accumulated.Material and methods. A cross-sectional study of patients with vascular access for programmed hemodialysis hospitalized in the vascular department of the State Clinical Hospital No. 21 of Ufa in 2016-2020 was carried out.Results. The main causes of terminal kidney failure are diabetes mellitus 22.3% and chronic glomerulonephritis 19.3%. For preven-tive formation of vascular access, 17% of patients were hospitalized before the start of renal replacement therapy. Only 17% of patients were admitted for preventive vascular access preparation prior to hemodialysis The most common complication in vascular access surgery was fistula thrombosis (87.4%). The survival rate of vascular access at the beginning of its use in hemodialysis was 75%.Conclusions. To improve the quality of life of patients undergoing programmed hemodialysis, a functioning vascular access is necessary. In the management of a patient with terminal renal failure, a multidisciplinary approach is required, which includes early detection of the disease, preventive formation of an arteriovenous fistula, patient education and prevention of complications.