PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF SELF-TREATMENT BY ANTI-MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

Objective: to conduct pharmacoepidemiological monitoring of self-treatment using antimicrobial drugs and to assess the perceptions of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan about drugs of this group.Material and methods. The study of the content of firstaid kits and a survey of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan about awareness of the use of antimicrobial drugs were carried out.Results. It has been shown that in the Republic of Tajikistan every second antibiotic is used by patients independently, without adoctor's prescription, mainly for fever and cold. There is a very low level of knowledge of the population about antimicrobial drugs, their undesirable effects and rules for the use of drugs of this group. Most of the patients consider it possible to stop taking the drug after they start feeling better. Moreover, more than half of the population is aware of the danger of developing resistance to antimicrobial drugs and the possibility of developing adverse reactions to drugs of this group.Conclusions. The main ways to reduce the irrational and uncontrolled use of antibiotics by the population should be the following: informational and educational work among the population, dissemination of knowledge about the rational use of this group of drugs, as well as strengthening control over compliance with the rules for dispensing drugs in pharmacies of the Republic of Tajikistan.

World Health Organization, pharmacoepidemiology, monitoring, antibacterial drugs, antibiotic resistance, self- treatment, pharmacist, over-the-counter, the Republic of Tajikistan

1. Ventola C.L. The antibiotic resistance crisis: part 1: causes and threats // Pharmacy and therapeutics.- 2015.- 40(4). - Р.277-283

2. The Pursuit of Responsible Use of Medicines: Sharing and Learning from Country Experiences URL: https://www.who.int/medicines/publications/responsible_use (дата обращения 05.05.2015 г.)

3. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of antibiotic consumption on antibiotic resistance / Bell B.G. [et al.] // BMC Infect. Dis. - 2014.-Р.1413

4. Европейский стратегический план действий по проблеме устойчивости к антибиотикам: Европейский региональный комитет, Баку, 2011 // URL: http://www.euro.who.int/ (дата обращения 05.05.2015 г.) data/assets/pdf_file/0011/147737/wd14R_AntibioticResistance_111383_lko.pdf?ua=1

5. Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Всемирный день здоровья 2011 года. Борьба с лекарственной устойчивостью // ВОЗ, Женева. 2011; URL: http://www.who.int/mediacentre (дата обращения 05.05.2015 г.)

6. Global Action Plan On Antimicrobial Resistance // https://www.who.int/antimicrobial-resistance/globalaction-plan/en/ (дата обращения 20.05.2015)

7. WHO’s first global report on antibiotic resistance reveals serious, worldwide threat to public health. // URL: http: // www.who.int / mediacentre/news/releases/2014/amr-report/en (дата обращения 17.11.2014)

8. Determinants of between-country differences in ambulatory antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in Europe: a longitudinal observational study / A. Blommaert [et al.] // J Antimicrob. Chemother. - 2014.-V.69.-P. 535-547

9. Современные подходы к контролю и сдерживанию антибиотикорезистентности в мире / И.Р. Кулмагамбетов [и др.] // Международный журнал прикладных и фундаментальных исследований. - 2015. - №9-1. - С. 54-59

10. Роль провизора в реализации политики рационального применения антибиотиков и предотвращения развития устойчивости к противомикробным препаратам: обзор // URL: https://www.euro.who.int/ data/assets/pdf_file/0006/268809

11. Antibiotic use and resistance in emerging economies: a situation analysis for Vietnam / Kinh Van Nguyen [et al.] // BMC Public Health. 2013;1158 URL: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/13/1158

12. Antimicrobial Resistance and causes of Non-prudent use of Antibiotics - ARNA) URL: https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/ files/antimicrobial_resistance/docs/amr_arna_report_20170717