CONJUNCTIVITIS IN UNDERAGES OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN (EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INDICATORS FOR 2016-2022 AND CURRENT ETIOPATHOGENETIC FACTORS OF THEIR FORMATION)

The aim of the work is to study the dynamics of the incidence of conjunctivitis in children and adolescents in the Republic of Bashkrtostan in 2016-2022, to consider the etiopathogenetic factors of their formation and the possible relationship with the conjunctival component of computer vision syndrome.
Material and methods. In the course of the work, data on the incidence of conjunctivitis were analyzed on the basis of statistical form No. 12 "Information on the number of diseases registered in patients living in the service area of a medical organization" for the period from 2016 to 2022.
Results. An estimation the amount of conjunctivitis in children and adolescents aged 0-17 years in the Republic of Bashkortostan (statistical form No. 12) showed its decrease during the studied period from 2016 to 2022, the rate of decline in the total group of surveyed was 17.7%. A more detailed analysis of the incidence of conjunctivitis revealed its pronounced age-related characteristics: the decrease in incidence was maximum in adolescents 15-17 years old (rate of decline 41.0%), in the age group 0-14 years the rate of decrease was 14.4%. In children 0-14 years old the average annual rate of primary incidence of conjunctivitis (1851±100.1 cases per 100 thousand population of the corresponding age) was statistically significantly (p<0.001) higher than the corresponding indicator (1251.0±94.8 cases) in the age group 15-17 years. In children under 4 and 5-9 years of age, an increase in the incidence of conjunctivitis was detected, and in the younger group the increase (45.0%) was ten times higher than this figure in the group of children 5-9 years old (4.9%). The results are analyzed from modern clinical and experimental positions, according to which a significant role in the pathogenesis of conjunctivitis is played by the violation of coordinated synergic immune protective and nervous regulatory mechanisms aimed to ensure the normal functioning of the eyes.

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