TO THE ISSUE OF TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE HUMAN RECTUM IN THE INTERMEDIATE FETAL PERIOD OF DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The objective is to determine the topographic features of the rectum in the intermediate fetal period of the ontogenesis

Material and methods. The study was carried out on the sectional material of 45 male and female fetuses of 16-22 weeks of development from the collection of the Human Anatomy Department. A set of morphological techniques was used, such as maсromiсrosсopic prep- aration, making multi-planar cuts by Pirogov’s method, and multiple histological topograms stained by Van Gieson’s method.

Results. At this time, the high position of the sigmorectal transition is noted, the pattern of changes in its skeletotopy depending on the period of development. The position of the rectum in the frontal plane is unstable in the study period. The most stable sec- tions in relation to the rectum to the median line are the ampoule and the anal canal. The presence of three frontal flexures is determined; the intermediate left lateral and inferior right lateral flexures begin to form after 17 weeks. There is a sacral flexure of the rectum in the sagittal plane in 40% of cases. The syntopy of the rectum, with the exception of the anal canal, is characterized by great variability both in different age groups and within the same group, while the rectal syntopy in the female pelvic cavity is less constant than in the male pelvic cavity.

Conclusions. As a result of the study, new data were obtained on the topographic anatomy of the human rectum in fetuses 16-22 weeks of development, which can be used in interpreting the results of lifetime research methods, as well as for fetal surgery.