Polymorphism of the genes of the hemostasis system in COVID-19

Against the background of the ongoing pandemic, the most important pathogenetic mechanisms of COVID-19 are being intensively studied, which largely determine the severity of the course and prognosis of the disease, including the immune-inflammatory syndrome and disorders in the hemostasis system. In this regard, it is important to study the polymorphism of genes that control the blood coagulation system.

The purpose of the work is to analyze the polymorphism of some genes of the hemostatic system, the influence of its most significant indicators on the course and outcomes of COVID-19 according to the available literature.

Material and methods. A search for sources in the databases PubMed, elibrary, cyberleninka was carried out in order to determine the polymorphism of some genes of the hemostasis system in patients with COVID-19.

Results. In comorbid patients with COVID-19 on the background of chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, neurological and oncological pathology, it is possible to study the polymorphism of the MTHFR C677T gene and associate it with the formation of thromboses. Since it has been established that a violation of the MTR gene polymorphism leads to hyperhomocysteinemia. Homocysteine can have a damaging effect on the vascular endothelium with the development of endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulation, which can lead to thrombosis.

Mutation of the MTRR gene may not lead to endothelial dysfunction, but is clearly associated with severe chronic heart failure in women. A severe course of COVID-19 is often recorded in this group of patients.

The polymorphism of the F2 G20210A, F5 G1691A, FGB G-455A, ITGA2 C807T, ITGB3 T1565C, PAI-1 5G-6754G genes should also be investigated, since their mutations can lead to thrombosis and complications during the course of the disease.

Findings. Literature data indicate that polymorphism of a number of genes of the hemostasis system can affect the severity and outcomes of COVID-19. However, according to the results of the studies, no genetic markers that could predict the development of an unfavorable course and thrombosis in COVID-19 have been identified.

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