Features of reactive changes in extraorgan adipose tissue in various types of acute destructive pancreatitis

The progression of the purulent-necrotic process in acute destructive pancreatitis beyond the pancreatic tissue with its spread along the retroperitoneal tissue leads to severe complications.

The purpose of study is to characterize the morphological features of extraorgan adipose tissue depending on the type of acute destructive pancreatitis.

Material and methods. A morphological study of intra- and extraorgan adipose tissue was carried out in 27 patients who died from complications of acute destructive pancreatitis. The control group consisted of 12 patients without signs of diseases of the abdominal organs, who died from acute cerebral circulatory disorder (heart attacks and cerebral hemorrhages). The mean age of the patients was 56.34±6.78 years. Fragments of parapancreatic tissue in the region of the head, body and tail of the pancreas, perirenal tissue on the right and left sides, tissue of both lateral canals, small pelvis and epicardium, root of the mesentery of the intestine and subcutaneous adipose tissue in the region of the anterior abdominal wall were studied. Morphometric study of fat cells consisted in assessing the average number of adipocytes in the field of view, their area, nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio.

Results. With the development of foci of destructive changes in the pancreatic tissue and their spread to certain sections of the retroperitoneal tissue, reactive processes in adipocytes of various localizations differ.

Conclusion. The data obtained give grounds to suggest a systemic nature of metabolic changes and violations of the synthetic function of adipocytes in the development of various types of acute destructive pancreatitis.

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