OPHTHALMOLOGICAL MORBIDITY AND THE STRUCTURE OF SPECIALIZED INPATIENT CARE FOR CHILDREN IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

The high incidence of ophthalmological diseases in children, including the increase in refractive errors and oculomotor system pathologies, is a pressing medical and social problem.

Objective. To analyze the structure of ophthalmological diseases and specialized inpatient ophthalmological care for the pediatric population of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the period 2021-2023.

Material and methods. Analysis of federal monitoring reporting forms for 2021-2023, as well as reporting data from the Ufa Eye Research Institute was conducted.

Results. The prevalence of general ophthalmological morbidity in 2021 was 12184.6 per 100 thousand children's population of the Republic of Bashkortostan, in 2022 and 2023 14412.1 and 15610.9, respectively, which exceeds the average level in the Russian Federation – 11903.7. The predominance of myopia in the structure of ophthalmic diseases makes it necessary to take preventive measures to prevent the development and progression of this disease. Hospital patient capacity per 10 thousand children in the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2023 was 0.379, which is significantly lower than the average data for the Russian Federation – 0.67.

Conclusions. The most common cause of visual disability in children is optic nerve atrophy, the second is high complicated myopia. In the structure of ophthalmological diseases in the Republic of Bashkortostan, myopia is in the first place.

In case of pathology of the nasolacrimal apparatus, probing and modern methods of surgical treatment are carried out, such as transcanalicular endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy using stents, which helps to prevent the development of relapses.

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