POSSIBILITIES OF COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY THE SARS-COV-2 VIRUS (EXPERIENCE OF THE AMBULATORY CENTER OF COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHYIN THE CLINIC OF THE BASHKIR STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY IN UFA FOR THE PERIOD FROM 01.10.2020 TO 01.12.2020)

Purpose: to assess the radiological features of pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, in particular the frequency of visualization of the most pathohomonic computed tomography (CT) patterns, for the period from 01.10.2020 to 01.12.2020, based on CT data taking into account patients gender, age and duration of the disease. Material and methods. Analysis of high-resolution computed tomograms of 310 patients with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results confirming the presence of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, who underwent a study at the outpatient computed tomography center of the Clinic of the Bashkir State Medical University, was carried out. Computed tomography was performed using a GE Discovery NM / CT 670 16-slice CT scanner. Chest scan parameters: tube voltage 120 kV, tube current 200 mA, step 1.25 mm. The studies were carried out with the patient lying on his back with his arms thrown back behind his head. As a result, on the images obtained, the nature and prevalence of lung lesions were assessed depending on the patients age, gender, age and duration of the disease.Results and discussion. The dominant CT patterns in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia are ground-glass changes and pulmonary con-solidation. Frosted glass zones were present in 97-100% of patients, regardless of the duration of the disease. Pulmonary consolidation in the early stages is less common and appears as the disease progresses in 9-33% of cases, becoming more extensive and diffuse in later stages. The bilateral nature of the lesion is observed in 57-100% of cases. In 43-86% of the studied patients, pathological changes had a multilobar character, while subpleural localization was observed in 27-45%. Pleural effusion, a thickened pleural layer, is uncommon and has been reported in 3-11% of COVID-19 patients. The prevalence of CT patterns such as the inverse halo effect and cobblestone thickening of the interlobular interstitium in patients with COVID-19 ranges from 0 to 14%.Conclusions. A qualitative assessment of the results of the performed computed tomography is of great importance for the early prevention of the development of viral pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2, it allows us to assess the severity of the disease, in combination with other clinical diagnostic methods, it allows us to timely identify negative dynamics, the development of complications in the form of thromboembolism. Computed tomography allows you to assess the effect of the therapy and is a method of follow-up after treatment.

computed tomography, coronavirus infection, pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2

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