EXPERIMENTAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE BASIC METHODS OF MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION FROM THE POSITION OF MODERN CONCEPTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND COURSE OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Purpose: to study of models of total ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion of the myocardium from the standpoint of modern concepts of the development and course of acute coronary syndrome.Material and methods. The described experiments were carried out under in vivo conditions on 70 mature male rats. Laboratory animals were divided into groups for modeling total myocardial ischemia (n=30) and for modeling myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (n=30). A separate group (n=10) was singled out as intact rats. Myocardial changes were determined by the following groups: histological studies, the state of the hemostasis system, biochemical parameters. The animals also underwent electrocardiography and echocardiography.Results and discussion. The histological picture of the group of animals of «total ischemia» showed that after a day in the necrosis zone there were significant changes of a destructive nature. At the same time, in the group of animals of «ischemia-reperfusion» in the reperfusion phase, a pronounced inflammatory reaction develops - the heart tissues are infiltrated by various nonmuscle cells, and the cardiomyocytes themselves undergo contracture changes. At the same time, both irreversible ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion trigger an inflammatory re- action, which is determined by an increase in the number of leukocytes (in particular, neutrophils) and a shift in the leukocyte formula. Also, in the group of modeling total ischemia, on the first day after the onset of myocardial infarction, there was an increase in the corresponding biochemical markers compared to the intact group.Conclusions. The existing arsenal of experimental techniques allows adapting the generally accepted model of acute coronary syndrome for studying ischemic-reperfusion syndrome, which can be used to study the mechanisms of this pathological process, and for preclinical studies of new means of influencing the cardiovascular system.

acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, experimental models, myocardial injury

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