The article presents the results of treatment of patients with diverticular colon disease in the department of coloproctology of the Republican Clinical Hospital n.a. G.G. Kuvatov (Ufa) for the period from 2004 to 2018. The analysis of diagnostics and treatment tactics in complicated forms of diverticular colon disease was carried out. The results of the study of the sensitivity and specificity of various diagnostic methods made it possible to propose a rational diagnostic complex. The study revealed that MRI, CT and CT with retrograde contrast of the rectum are the most informative diagnostic methods for complicated forms of diverticular colon disease. In the presence of complex forms of diverticular colon disease, operations were performed in accordance with the proposed clinical algorithm. The main methods of surgical treatment of complicated forms were resection of the colon or colectomy with primary anastomosis. In perforation of the colon, the nature of the upcoming operation depended on the degree of intestinal damage. The activities (conservative therapy, surgery) carried out to help patients were quite effective. The number of severe postoperative complications was 3 cases, the mortality rate was 5.1%.

Rather high percentage of complications after breast surgery motivates surgeons to constantly improve methods and techniques of operations choosing advanced, minimally invasive technologies. A study was conducted to select an effective method of hemostasis in breast surgery.Study design is comparative, prospective (in parallel groups). Study duration was 36 months (January 2015 - March 2018). Material of the study: We have conducted a retrospective analysis of the effectiveness of various methods of coagulation duringendoscopic augmentation mammoplasty in 65 patients. The augmentation mammoplasty was conducted through axillary access using endovideosurgical equipment. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the method of coagulation. The follow-up mon-itoring period after the operation was 36 months.As a result of the study, statistically significant differences between various coagulation methods of conducting hemostasis of the wound during operations on a mammary gland were revealed. The most favorable results were established in patients who received the bipolar coagulation method.Conclusion: During breast surgery, the application of bipolar coagulation method by means of endovideosurgical equipment provides adequate hemostasis, simplifies the mobilization of perforating vessels and nerves, thus contributing to better course of the postoperative period, rapid postoperative rehabilitation of patients and reduction of inpatient treatment duration.

Purpose of research - to study microbiological and histological changes in tissues during removal of infected mesh prostheses after hernioplasty performed by various methods.Materials and methods. The study included 69 patients, which required the removal of the previously installed mesh prostheses at hernioplasty in connection with their infection and formation of cutaneous fistulas. All patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the methods of removal of the prosthesis: the main and the comparison group. Results. In the main group of patients it was noted statistically significant reduction of microbial number in relation to the comparison group at all stages of prosthesis removal. Morphological study of the bed tissue of the removed prosthesis showed that pronounced histological changes, characterized by the presence of voids and foreign bodies (remains of prosthesis) in granulation tissue, were present in patients of the comparison group. In patients of the main group the density of granulation tissue was significantly higher and the remains of the prostheses were noted in individual cases.Conclusion: As a result of research it is revealed that ultrasonic cavitation of antiseptic solution allows to effectively eliminate microflora in purulent cavities, as well as to remove the infected prostheses with preservation of high density of granulation tissue and without damage to subtissues.

The aim is to determine the clinical features of intensive care of severe respiratory failure in newborns of 37 weeks gestational age.Research methods: retrospective, controlled, non-randomized, single-center study. 630 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 7 (1.1%) children died. Patients depending on the gestational age (GA) were divided into two groups. Main group (n= 279) consisted of newborns with a GA of 37 weeks. Comparison group (n= 361) included newborns with GA of 34-36 weeks. Statistical processing was carried out on the basis of the statistical program «BioStat». Results . Patients of the main group had initially higher pressure in the right ventricle (p<00,5), noninvasive ventilator was used more often (χ2=4.23, p=0.05), cardiotonics and antibiotics were used less often (p<00,5), but there was a higher incidence of pulmonary bleeding (χ2 =9.608: p= 0.02),Conclusion. The peculiarity of intensive care of severe respiratory failure of newborns with a gestational age of 37 weeks is the more frequent use of non-invasive ventilation and the absence of the need for obligate prescribing of antibiotics and cardiotonics.

The study aims to determine the effect of metabolic changes in patients with chronic HCV depending on the genotype of the virus and the stage of fibrosis on the course of the disease.The work was based on the analysis of the cohort examination of 287 patients with chronic hepatitis C. Fatty liver dystrophyfrom the 1st to the 3rd degree, according to puncture biopsy, was 61.0%. Chronic hepatitis C and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are accompanied by significant violations of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, a higher body mass index and severe cholestatic syndrome. Accordingly, the average value of fibrosis and histological activity index were significantly higher in patients with chronic hepatitis C with a burdened comorbid background in the form of fatty liver dystrophy, regardless of the genotype of the virus.Conclusion: Patients with chronic hepatitis C with an unfavorable premorbid background need a personalized approach, advanced laboratory monitoring and an interdisciplinary approach to the risk of complications.

The aim of this study was to study the distribution of alleles and genotypes of rs 28364072 (T2206C) polymorphic locus of gene Fc fragment of IgE receptor II (FCER2) in children with asthma.Material and methods. The study included 92 patients with bronchial asthma from Bashkortostan, Russia. The control group consisted of 99 healthy students of Bashkir State Medical University (Ufa, Russia), who had no chronic respiratory diseases at thetime of the study. Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results. During the study, no significant differences in the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies in patients with bronchial asthma and in the control group were established (p>0.05). The frequency of 2206*C allele of FCER2 gene was 26.08% in patients with bronchial asthma and 34.84% in the control group. No association of clinical and anamnestic data of children with bronchial asthma with alleles and genotypes of rs28364072 (T2206C) polymorphism of FCER2 gene was found.Conclusion. It is necessary to expand the sampling to increase its representativeness, as well as to continue the identification and inclusion of patients with different variants of the disease course and response to IGCs therapy.

Objective: a comparative analysis of the combined use of preparations of activated plasma, hyaluronic acid and collagen 3Dmatrix in vitro.Materials and methods. For the experiment, fibroblasts from the lungs of a human embryo were used. The proliferative activity of fibroblasts was evaluated in the presence of activated plasma, the preparation of hyaluronic acid and the 3D collagen matrix Fibromatrix for the regeneration of soft tissues of the oral cavity. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and proliferative activity was estimated bycolorimetric MTT test in 1, 3 and 7 days. The results were recorded using microscopic examination and photographing in transmit-ted light.Results. It was found, that stable active growth of fibroblasts was observed with the combined use of collagen 3D matrix and activated plasma. A preparation based on hyaluronic acid promotes the proliferation of human fibroblasts, but its activity decreases, inhibiting cell growth by 7th day.Conclusion. The presented results demonstrate the prospects of using a combination of autogenous platelet plasma and 3D collagen matrix for the regeneration of soft tissues of the oral cavity in clinical practice.

Genital prolapse causes physical suffering, disrupts the function of the pelvic organs and impairs the quality of life. An urgent problem is the development of types of surgical treatment for the correction of the disorders. The article presents a new version of reconstructive plastic surgery. An effective surgical method has been developed for the treatment of genital prolapse in women of reproductive age - endoscopic lateral suspension with strengthening of the ligamentous apparatus of the uterus with synthetic material. This method of surgical treatment allows to restore the anatomy of the pelvis and correct defects in the supporting apparatus of the pelvis. The technique, aimed at strengthening the lateral structures, was developed on the basis of the supporting apparatus, which allows to reduce the length of stay in hospital by 2-3 times, and prevents the processes of further genital prolapse.

The aim of the study was to analyze the management of patients with gallbladder polyps in a surgical hospital.Materials and methods The analysis of the morbidity of 52 patients with gallbladder polyps from 2015 to 2019 in the SurgeryClinic of the BSMU was carried out. All patients with verified gallbladder polyps underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Results: based on the study, the analysis of 42 laparoscopic cholecystectomies in diagnosed gallbladder polyps was carried out. Gallbladder polyps were diagnosed both preoperatively and were a find during surgery for gallstone disease (3 cases). Comparative analysis of preoperative methods of examination did not reveal the advantages of any one method of investigation. Histological examination of the removed gallbladder most often revealed hyperplastic polyp-in 20 (47.6 %), adenomatous polyps occurred in 19 (45.3 %) and cholesterose - in 3 (7.1 %). The most frequent localization of the process was the body of the gallbladder. In an equal number of observations, polyps were located in the bottom and neck of the bladder. Small polyp size (up to 3 mm) was detected in11 (21.2 %) patients, the most common polyps were from 5 to 10 mm (78.8 %). Single polyps were found in 45 (86.5 %) patients, two polyps or morein 7 (13.5 %) patients.Conclusion: Gallbladder polyps are a common pathology and are often combined with gallstone disease. Often polyps are thecause of inflammation of the gallbladder and pancreas, and also have the potential for malignant degeneration, so the number of indications for surgical treatment increases.

Patients with renal replacement therapy have multiple concomitant diseases that increase the risk of surgical complications. Therefore, patients with chronic kidney disease and prostate cancer are rarely considered to be candidates for radical prostatectomy.Materials and methods. A 65-year-old male patient receiving renal replacement therapy underwent a robot-assisted laparoscop-ic radical prostatectomy using the daVinci S surgical system (IntuitiveSurgical, Inc., USA).Results and discussion. The duration of the operation was 100 minutes. The volume of blood loss was 500 ml. Renal replacement therapy was resumed the day after surgery on an outpatient basis. The urethral catheter was removed on day 7, the duration of hospitalization was 1 day.Conclusion. In patients with prostate cancer and chronic kidney disease, the risk of developing postoperative complications, postoperative acute kidney damage, and a longer hospital stay are significantly increased. Performing a robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with renal replacement therapy minimized the length of the patient’s hospital stay and made it possible not to interrupt renal replacement therapy.

The article presents the directions of successful work of the Bashkir State Medical University and the department, together with practical health care system on the training of competent and demanded staff for the health care system of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the framework of the national project "Healthcare". Modern support of the educational process is possible only with full mutual understanding between the university staff, the authorities of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Republic of Bashkortostan and the support of the head doctors of clinical bases. As part of the implementation of the National Healthcare project, children's clinics in Ufa have received new equipment, including automatic external defibrillators (AED). Staff of the Department of Outpatient and Emergency Pediatrics with the course of further vocational training conduct training of basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation with the use of AED on the clinical bases of the department. Medical consultations, research work, the introduction of innovative methods of diagnosis and treatment, organizational and methodological and expert work are underway at all clinical bases. All teachers at the clinical bases have their own classrooms, which allows for a comfortable training process, efficiency and productivity of the work performed. The work of the department as part of the Bashkir State Medical University together with practical healthcare for the implementation of the National Healthcare project will contribute to the successful solution of the tasks.

The article describes the most relevant aspects of the use of autoplasma enriched with platelets in various fields of medicine. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains numerous growth factors and cytokines [15], which potentially offer an alternative treatment model to assist in solving hemostasis-related problems. The purpose of this review was to study the latest literature on the use of PRP in various fields of medicine to identify its ability to regenerate tissue with low healing potential.Currently, PRP is actively used in surgery, dentistry, traumatology and orthopedics, sports medicine, cosmetology and dermatology, burn injury medicine. At the same time there is still a lack of assessment of efficiency of application and long-term results of autoplasma from the point of view of evidence-based medicine. PRP has a number of useful properties: it accelerates the processes of tissue regeneration, possesses anti-inflammatory effect, reduces pain, which opens up even greater potential for its use in surgery, traumatology, etc.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common form of cancer among all non-epithelial forms, and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Accurate staging and determining the prevalence of the oncological process is an important part on the way to successful treatment of the above pathology. Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) - PET / CT is today a modern, non-invasive method for diagnosing lung cancer, the specificity and accuracy of which is several times higher than classical X-ray computed tomography. This diagnostic method allows to more clearly identify the primary tumor, to distinguish tumor tissue from sites of atelectasis and fibrotic changes located nearby. High efficiency has been proven in assessing the status of lymph nodes, as well as the detection of distant metastases. The value of this method as a tool for predicting survival by assessing the metabolism in the tumor during the initial study and in determining the early (intermediate) and final response to chemotherapy was also confirmed. This review article considers current evidence on the role of PET / CT with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in the diagnosis of NSCLC, establishing prevalence, and evaluating response to treatment.

The review of domestic and foreign literature regarding the medical and economic consequences in case of postoperative complications is presented. The paper gives data on the frequency of surgical complications after emergency abdominal surgical interventions in colorectal surgery and orthopedics. Methods for improving the quality of surgical care, their impact on the reduction of treatment time, financial costs, mortality and the frequency of repeated hospitalizations are considered. The literature suggests a significant impact of surgical complications on the length of hospitalization, mortality, quality of life of patients and a significant increase in financial costs.

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading mortality causes in the world as well as in Russia. According to the Federal State Statistics Service in Russian Federation for 2018, cardiovascular diseases are 46% in the structure of the deaths. Coronary artery disease is the most common cause in the mortality structure of people of working age.The Russian clinical guidelines for the treatment of stable coronary heart disease have proposed effective and safe groups of drugs, namely C07 «Beta blocking agents», C08 «Calcium channel blockers», C01DA «Organic nitrates» as well as a number of international nonproprietary names - ivabradinum, ranolazine, nicorandilum, molsidominum and trimethazidinum.The aim of the study is to analyze the medicines range for therapy of patients with stable angina in the Russian Federation.It’s shown that the largest (over 50%) share of drugs for the stable coronary artery disease pathogenetic therapy is represented by national manufacturers. At the same time, India brings the most (8-10%) contribution into the structure of import. Supply analysis demonstrates that the group C07 «Beta blocking agents» is represented by 20 INN for the basic therapy of stable angina, C08«Calcium channel blockers» - 33 INN, C01DA «Organic nitrates» - 5 INN. The calculated indexes of range latitude in each group(0,5 and less) allow to conclude that the variability of therapy is limited by the nomenclature of registered in Russia medicines for patients with the studied pathology.